Upper-Division

Designed to introduce history majors to historical methods and provide preparation for exit seminars. Students develop critical reading, historical analysis, research, and disciplinary writing skills.

Oceans, human communities, and the variety of relations between societies have been linked closely in world history. This course focuses on the three most well-researched and, historically, most important oceanic worlds--those that developed to link the regions bordering the Mediterranean Sea, Indian Ocean, and Atlantic Ocean.

Human curiosity and inquiry changed and varied widely across Eurasia. This course surveys how the curiosity and inquiry were framed in three major civilizations (China, Islam and Judeo-Christian) from the Mongol conquest of Eurasia in the 13th century to the beginning of industrial capitalism in the 19th century.

Explores the turbulent 1930s from a global perspective. Students consider the great events of the decade--the Great Depression, the consolidation of communism, and the rise of fascism--within the context of global connections and forces, including those fostered by imperialism and various forms of internationalism. (Formerly course 196A.)

Provides overview of global environmental history from prehistoric times to the present. Explores how Homo Sapiens became the dominant species on the planet, how some of them managed to grow food and domesticate animals, and how these agrarian or nomadic societies developed states or even empires. Explores what many have called the Anthropocene Epoch in the evolution of Earth.

Before the 20th century, the horse was, for humans, the most important animal: quickening the pace of travel; facilitating hunting and herding; providing traction for agriculture and industry; enabling the formation of cavalries that projected military power. The horse and rider became the subject of powerful myths, from the Arthurian legends of the Middle Ages through the American Western of our own time. Only with the advent of modern engines and motors did role of the horse begin to recede in human history. Course examines the human/equine partnership over a period of 6,000 years, from the beginning of domestication to the middle of the 20th century.

Course offers a deep exploration of New Religious Movements, both ancient and modern. How are New Religious Movements born? What determines whether they grow, thrive, or die? How do they interpret the past to create new theologies? Students read sources from a variety of movements, from the UFO-based Raelian movement to the Gnostic Church, alongside appropriate secondary literature. In teams, students also select a NRM to study in depth throughout the quarter and present their research at the end of the course.

Examines how American Indian history and culture has been portrayed in Hollywood films, with an emphasis on films that represent Native Americans over the broad spectrum of Native American/white relations.

Provides an historical overview of the relationship between American Indians and museums. Current issues and practices in museums are explored, primarily those associated with ethics, collecting practices, exhibitions, education/interpretation, and administration/governance.

Provides an historical, comparative, and theoretical exploration of the development of nations and nationalism. Emphases include the historical formation of nation-states, modernization, colonialism, decolonization, nations and globalization, and the intersections between ethnicity, race, religions, and nationalism.

Compares memories and interpretations of war in Southeast Asia by diverse groups in France, America, and Vietnam. Topics include war origins, military strategies, propaganda, combat, civilians, media, activism, MIAs, refugees, mixed race children, memorials, textbooks, films, music, literature, and art.

Analyzes immigration, race relations, war, gender ideology, family life, acculturation, political activism, interracial marriage, multiracial identity, and cultural representations between 1941 and the present. Emphasis on discussion, writing, research, and group presentations.

Examines how ideologies of race and gender shaped the development of slavery and empire in the American South from European colonization to the eve of the American Civil War.

Explores the social, economic, cultural, and political development of British North America from the first European/Amerindian contacts in the late 16th century through the establishment of a provincial British colonial society. Course 110A is not a prerequisite to course 110B.

Explores the political, social, economic, and cultural development of British North America from the first stirrings of resistance to the establishment of the U.S. Course 110A is not a prerequisite to course 110B.

Social, political, and economic history of the American Civil War and Reconstruction, focusing on the war's changing nature and significance, emancipation, and the postwar struggle over the future of the South and the nation.

History of the U.S. during what was perhaps its most socially turbulent era, the period following Reconstruction through the First World War. What did it mean to be a nation in the post-Reconstruction era? How did a country that had only recently unified itself under one system of labor now resolve the question of national identity? Was America truly a nation by 1914?

Between the First and Second World Wars, American society accepted the need for a regulatory state to save capitalism from itself. Takes an in-depth look at many aspects of U.S. politics and culture during these years.

From the Good War to the Cold War, the Sixties to the rise of the New Right, the post-1945 American experience has been one of extremes. This survey course looks for evidence of commonality during those times. (Formerly Age of Extremes: The United States During the Cold War, 1945 to 1991)

Examines how the consolidation of United States sovereignty in North America and the establishment of an overseas empire during the period between the conclusion of the Civil War and the Phillippine-American War reshaped conceptions of race and citizenship.

Traces history of feminist thought in the United States from the 18th century Enlightenment to the mid-20th century. Focusing on questions of social identity, gender difference, and legal/political status, examines writings of philosophers, activists, novelists, and ordinary women that challenged religious, political, and scientific beliefs underlying gender inequality.

Historical introduction to religious culture of U.S. as experienced and created by women. Explores religious ideas about women, the treatment of women by mainstream institutions and religio-social communities, and female religious leaders and followers. Takes an explicitly feminist analytical approach and uses a variety of texts, including historical and literary scholarship, sacred texts, fiction, autobiography, material artifacts, visual art, and music.

Examines the cultural, political, and environmental upheaval associated with antebellum market revolution. Topics include: markets and U.S. territorial expansion; reform movements that coalesced around disputes over what should, and should not be sold (e.g., antislavery activism; anti-prostitution reform movements).

Examines the exploitation of African people as slaves throughout European colonies in the Americas. How did slavery affect slaves, enslavers, and their societies? Emphasizes the diversity of slave regimes and their importance for shaping American life for all.

Investigates the representation of slavery with scholarly and vernacual histories, focusing on the United States. Students examine representations of slavery in scholarly works, public-history venues like museums and historic sites, popular culture, and artistic productions. Students develop their own scholarly research into the history of slavery grounded in primary and secondary sources.

Explores the history of telecommunications systems in the US starting with the telegraph, the telephone, wireless telegraph, radio, television and the Internet. Students learn about the development of these systems and the cultures that they foster.

Explores the history, culture, and politics of the distribution of recorded and live sound from the 1870s through the present.

Explores the history of the Cold War from a global, multinational perspective. Begins with the opening salvos between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1945, and concludes with the collapse of the latter empire in 1991.

Explores the history of a principal obsession of our age: the conspiracy. Focuses on the people who love them most: conspiracy theorists. Millions of people around the world believe in conspiracy theories. Why?

Explores issues central to Indigenous women's life experiences and Native feminist thought. Students consider the concerns and methodologies of Native feminisms—theories and actions that highlight how settler colonialism is a fundamentally gendered process. Engages in foundational discussions of Native feminisms, settler colonial theory, and feminist methodologies. Course content focuses on communities in settler states currently known as the U.S. and Canada. Covers topics such as reproductive justice, gendered violence, cultural reclamation, and rematriation. (Formerly FMST 119.)

Examines the thought and activities of W.E.B. Du Bois across changing historical circumstances. Considers the ways Du Bois's work has been used in the present to address issues such as racism and imperialism.

A survey of pre-contact Africa, indigenous social structures, class relations, the encounter with Europe, forced migration, seasoning, resistance, Africa's gift to America, slavery and its opponents, industrialization, emigration vs. assimilation, stratification, Convention Movement, Black feminism, Civil War, and Reconstruction.

A survey of the period from 1877 to present, highlighting Jim Crow, Militarism, Black feminism, WWI, New Negro, Garveyism, Harlem Renaissance, Black Radicalism, Pan Africanism, Depression, WWII, Desegregation Movement, Black Power, 1960s, Reaganism. Cultural and economic emphases.

Explores the meaning of jazz in United States society and as a U.S.-based art form in other societies. Examines the social and cultural forces that have produced different jazz styles and the various ways that social conflicts and ideals have been displaced onto the music.

Explores the meaning of jazz in United States society and as a U.S.-based art form in other societies since 1945. Examines the social and cultural forces producing jazz movements and the social transformations, conflicts, and ideals read into the music.

Introduces U.S. immigration history from the colonial era to the present, with emphasis on the recent past. Particular attention given to changing immigration patterns; the character of the immigrant experience; and the range of responses to immigration, including nativism.

Explores the technological, environmental, social, political, and diplomatic history of a critical link in global transportation networks: the Panama Canal. The Canal has long been celebrated as one of the great triumphs in the history of technology and engineering. But this triumphalism obscures a more complicated history of struggle over issues including land, water, health, race, citizenship, and sovereignty. Course explores the Panama Canal’s fraught history from the construction years of 1904-1914 through the restoration of full control to Panama in 1999. 

A survey course on the social history of the Mexican (Chicana/o) community and people in the U.S. through the 20th century. Themes include resistance, migration, labor, urbanization, culture and politics.

Covers from the Cuban sugar revolution (late 18th century) to the socialist revolution and its aftermath (1959–present). It is intended to be not only a modern history of Cuba but also a broader history of Latin America through the case of Cuba.

Introduction to the social history of Latin America through a focus on the inflections of class and ethnicity on gender in this region. First six weeks focuses on the colonial period. The last three weeks covers the 19th and 20th centuries.

Covers the social, cultural, economic, and political history of colonial Mexico (New Spain). Special attention paid to colonial identity formation, religion, and labor systems. Begins by examining indigenous societies prior to the arrival of Europeans and concludes with Mexico's independence movement in the early 19th century.

Social, cultural, economic, and political history from the triumph of Liberalism to the present day, focusing on four key periods: the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz (1900–1910), the armed phase of the Revolution (1910–1920), the consolidation of revolutionary programs and a single-party democracy (1920–1940), and the developmentalist counter-revolution since 1940. Provides background for understanding the Mexican diaspora to the U.S.

Introduction to history of Africa. Topics include states and stateless societies, culture, society and economy in the pre-modern era, stratification, oral traditions, long distance trade, the coming of Islam, and the evolution of the South Atlantic system and its social, political, and other consequences. Some background knowledge of Africa helpful.

How Africa lost its continental, regional, and local autonomy in the era of European imperialism. The components of European hegemony, Christian proselytization, comparative colonial strategies and structures, nationalism, decolonization and independence and the disengagement from neo-colonial patterns and the colonial legacy. Case studies from northern and subsaharan Africa. Some background knowledge of Africa helpful.

Historical study of modern African cinematography from the emergence of film as a tool of social control in the imperial and colonial periods to its theoretical and practical transformation by African cineastes in the post-independence era. Films and videos from northern, eastern, western, central/equatorial, and southern Africa viewed.

Critically explores how to preserve, represent, and study the history of queer and gender non-conforming people. Focuses on non-traditional and digital archives, oral history, and original research.

Introduction to the history of medicine and public health in China (primarily the 20th century) to help students gain a sense of modern Chinese history and make sense of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Reviews how the pandemic has fundamentally changed life, including discussions of state governance and the public health system and the allocation of medical resources and the role of Traditional Medicine (TCM). Surveys the historical development of medicine in 20th-century China, focusing on the dissemination of Western medicine, the evolvement of TCM, and the development of the public health system. Reviews the 1911 Manchurian plague, the cholera pandemic in the 1960s, the 2002 SARS outbreak, and the present-day COVID-19 pandemic.

Examines modern British history from the consolidation of the British Isles into one United Kingdom to the divisions highlighted by the Brexit vote. Course weaves between domestic Britain and its empire, demonstrating their interrelatedness and dependence and touches on a wide area of the globe and the experiences of many peoples aside from the British. Course also aims to give students a full introduction to digital public history projects. Students asked at several stages of the course to critically examine how the presentation of historical material is affected by digital content, different media types, and engagement with various audiences.

Presents an introduction to the history of the federal government and its handling of racism and civil rights during the 20th century. Course content is delivered through bi-weekly lectures along with an occasional seminar discussion of assigned readings. The goal of this class is to provide students with an understanding of how the United States evolved over the course of the 20th century and how government expansion was both influenced by and transformed institutional racism. Likewise, this class emphasizes the role of class, gender, and racial politics in steering the course of federal policies.

Familiarizes students with depictions and descriptions of identity during the colonial period in the Spanish Americas across four major regions: Central Mexico, the Yucatán Peninsula, Peru, and New Mexico. Themes such as the casta system, Indigenous survivance and resistance, the changing role of women in public and private spheres, the role of Black confraternities and slave rebellions. The ways society became increasingly diverse in terms of class, gender, and race are highlighted, as well as the impact of invasion, subsequent military violence, and how colonial legal system impacted communities. Students examine how different identities emerged and how they experienced conflict and transformation as a result of political, social, cultural, economic, and religious change.

Introduces students to how Qing China arose, expanded, and struggled to enter the modern world. Focuses on what the Qing empire had in common with other agrarian empires across Eurasia, commercialization and communication networks, elite mobility and peasant revolts, political legitimacy of the alien rule, maintaining social order (such as merchants' control and gender segregation), massive population growth and internal migration, as well as its conflicts with the industrial West.

Explores history of China from the late 19th century to the early years of the People's Republic, focusing on the end of imperial rule, the sources and development of revolution, and early attempts at at socialist transformation.

Explores history of China from establishment of the People's Republic of China to the present, focusing on competing strategies of socialist transformation, urban/rural relations, and the effects of the post-Mao economic reforms.

Introduces changes in Chinese women's lives--and changes in shared social ideas about what women should do and be--from the mid-19th century to the present. When we foreground gender as a category of analysis, how does history look different?

Studies the history of two peripheries of China, Hong Kong and Taiwan, from the earliest written records to the present. These two places were at various times part of China, and, to some, are still parts of China. However, these two have historical trajectories distinct from China and have developed their unique positions in the world. This course invites students to think about Taiwan and Hong Kong, not only their local histories and development, but also their role as two peripheries of China in Chinese nationalism and in U.S-China relations.

Examines Philippine history from the early 19th century through the present. Though the course timeline begins in the Spanish colonial period, the class interrogates understandings of the pre-colonial past and how these have informed Philippine nationalism, intellectual history, social sciences, and more. Students learn about debates in the field and become familiar with scholarship from the Philippines. Students also reflect on the political urgency of the contemporary moment and how transnational flows of migrants, activism, and cultural production have changed dominant approaches to historical studies on the archipelago.

Introduces key transformations--political, economic, social, and cultural--in colonial Indian history. The focus is on the processes, institutions, and ideas that shaped colonial power and resisted it.

A study of religions (Vaisnavism, Tantrism, Islam, Sikhism), art, literature, and social movements in their historical contexts from 1000 A.D. to 1800.

Social, political, and religious movements in the colonial and postcolonial contexts of the 19th and 20th centuries in modern and contemporary South Asia.

Introduces historical change in 20th-century South Asia. Topics include: modernity, gender, state formation, nationalism, democracy, and development. Course material includes interdisciplinary secondary works, primary reading by important political actors, and films. Prior knowledge of South Asia is useful, but not necessary.

Highlights the power of ideas in making South Asia modern. Focuses on the 19th and 20th Centuries. Ideas assessed include liberalism, Marxism, Hindu revivalism, Islamic jihad,democracy, nationalism, secularism, and development.

Examines cricket's history as an imperial sport for princes and merchants of South Asia and its use to socialize with and eventually compete with British colonial officials. Also studies its emergence among middle and lower classes and how religion, ethnicity, and cultural identities played an important role in the composition of cricket teams, and how these identities contributed to and were shaped by political movements, including the partitioning of South Asia. Also studies how cricketers and administrators were embroiled in the underground economy of betting and match fixing.

Analyzes the entangled history of plants and people in Southeast Asia. Provides a broad sweep of the early modern period (pre-1500), imperial contact, anti-colonialism, nationalism, and decolonization up to present-day social and political conditions. The class examines plants of agricultural and medicinal value, political importance and ritual meaning. Students also consider how plants can be historical agents that shape and influence interaction in the region. Students likewise learn about the emergence of Southeast Asia as a field of study in the United States and debate the intellectual legitimacy of area studies, particularly through the optic of plant life.

Examines political, cultural, and historical dynamics in Southeast Asia from the early modern period to the present. Students explore canonical reading and some of the most influential theories of Southeast Asian studies through animal and plant life that have gastronomically served the region for centuries. This approach leads students to recognize the utility of interdisciplinary investigation and to consider how fields such as ecology, zoology, and maritime studies have been impacted by methodologically creative work in the humanities and social sciences on the region.

Surveys the history of the peoples of the Japanese islands from prehistorical migrations through the 15th century. Emphases include examination of social structures, political formations, cultural production, and religion. (Formerly Ancient Japan.)

Surveys the history of the peoples of the Japanese islands from the middle of the 15th century to the middle of the 19th century. Focus is on the era of civil war, the formation of the early modern federated state, social structure, and cultural production.

Surveys the history of the peoples of the modern Japanese nation from the Meiji Restoration to the present. Focuses on the formation of the modern state, empire, social movements, and cultural production. (Formerly Modern Japan.)

Examines the history of the Japanese colonial empire from 1868 to 1945, including the colonies of Taiwan, Korea, Micronesia, and Manchuria. Considers how the colonies were ruled and what the legacies of the empire have been.

Known historically as the Ryukyu Islands, Okinawa has long been an important transmitter of people, ideas, and goods in East Asia. Course explores this history by focusing not only on the royalty of these islands, but also on the lives of everyday people.

Explores how women's experiences in Japan and Korea were intertwined and differentiated before and during World War II under Japanese empire, and from the postwar to the present under American hegemony.

Many disabilities scholars and activists argue that categories and experiences of disability are socially constructed in important ways. Course examines changes over time in how disabilities have been perceived and lived in premodern and modern East Asia. Drawing on textual, visual, and oral sources, differences are explored between China, Japan, and Korea but also regional connections. Course also analyzes how disability has been intertwined with material and social factors constructing gender, class, and race or ethnicity.

Questions explored include the debate over when/where modern science began; the role of craft-based and artisanal skills in the production of knowledge; and the technological and social impacts of intellectual change, from the Bronze Age to the birth of computing.

Explores the histories of bodies and medicine in the colonial world. Charts the relationships among ideas about the body, medical practice, race, and labor in the colonial world between the 16th and the mid-20th centuries

What were drugs in the early modern world? Who grew and consumed them? How were they used, and why? Students study how humanity's ancient fascination with altered states shaped globalization, the Scientific Revolution, the Atlantic slave trade, colonialism, and modernity itself.

Introduces the history of modern North Africa from WWI to the so-called Arab Spring. Topics include the dynamics of colonial rule and reform, anti-colonial nationalism, decolonization, the rise of Islamism, and popular protest.

The conflict between Israelis and Palestinians is one of the most intractable disputes in our troubled world. Course begins with a glimpse of Palestine in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, surveys the rise and fall of utopian Zionism, pays especially close attention to the events of 1948 and 1967, and concludes by analyzing the collapse of hopes for peace after Oslo and Camp David meetings.

Explores the political trajectory of the post-colonial Middle East. Topics include: the Cold War and rise of Third Worldism; women's movements; political Islam; Arab-Israeli conflict; Lebanese Civil War; impact of oil production; Iranian Revolution; rise of the Arabian Gulf.

Chronicles the cultural history of the Arabic-speaking regions of the Middle East through art, literature, cinema, and mass media during the 20th and 21st Centuries.

Studies the intellectual history of the Arab world from the nineteenth century to the Arab Spring. Beginning with Arab responses to colonialism, it covers the evolution of various schools of thought including liberalism, Islamism, Marxism, nationalism, and feminism.

Traces the history of the Egyptian capital of Cairo beginning with the establishment of the city following its conquest by Arab armies in the seventh century and ending in our contemporary moment. Through a deep engagement with space and place, course considers how Cairo evolved throughout different political regimes, what the influence of politics has been on life and space in the city, and how the meaning and experience of urban space has changed over centuries.

Explores the history of the Ottoman Empire with emphasis on its Arabic-speaking provinces. In addition to critically considering the political trajectory of the empire, we interrogate a wide range of topics relating to community organization, economic networks, international affairs, and the significance of religion within the Ottoman realm.

Invites student collaboration on a biography of David George, born enslaved in colonial Virginia. His attempts to escape slavery led to a remarkable odyssey throughout the Atlantic World, revealing the constraints of slavery and limits of American freedom. (Formerly COWL 161C.)

Explores the African diaspora resulting from the transatlantic slave trade, drawing on methodologies from two academic disciplines--history and archaeology. Examines key questions about the slave system, using an array of source materials, both written documents and artifacts.

Examines the largest forced migration in human history. From the 16th to 19th centuries, slave traders forced more than 12 million African people aboard ships departing Africa to supply enslaved labor to locations throughout the Americas. Course uses quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate this inhuman human migration with an emphasis on the experiences of the captives, the motives and profits of the empires and traders, the importance of slavery to colonial projects, and the resistance of enslaved people and free abolitionists.

Examines the political, social, religious, and material culture of ancient Egypt during these periods of intense interaction with the ancient Near East and Mediterranean, from the period of Alexander (332 BCE) through the beginning of Coptic Christianity (3rd century CE).

Explores sex and gender in ancient Egypt with a specific focus on women. Artistic representations, texts, objects of daily life, and burials are used to examine the practices that encoded gender in this ancient culture.

Introduces the political and religious history of the Egyptian New Kingdom (1546-1086 BCE), using the city of Thebes as a focal point The political, religious, and architectural history of the city is covered.

Investigates the rise and development of urbanism in the ancient Near East and Mediterranean world, including Mesopotamia, Syria, Egypt, Greece, and the Roman Empire. Close studies of individual ancient cities, as well as broader issues in ancient urbanism are covered.

Athenian democracy from foundation to the fourth century B.C., with emphasis on its practices and ideologies. Readings from ancient sources and modern theory. Topics to include foundations and development; Athenian concepts of freedom, equality, law, citizenship. Lectures and discussion.

Detailed consideration of some specific topic or period in Greek history, varying from year to year. Examples include Greek religion, Alexander, the Hellenistic world, the ancient Greek economy, and Greece and India; Thucydides and the Peloponnesian War; Greek art and archaeology.

Detailed consideration of some specific topic or period in Roman history, varying from year to year. Examples include Roman religion, Augustus and the Roman Empire, Julio-Claudian emperors and the principate, Roman slavery, and Christianity and Rome.

Introduction to historical, textual, source, and redaction criticism of the book of Genesis and to exegesis as science and ideology. Texts, history, and iconography of neighboring traditions (Mesopotamian, Ugaritic, Egyptian, Greek) are also studied when appropriate.

In Roman Judea, a Jewish religious leader named Jesus was born during the reign of Herod the Great and executed under Pontius Pilate. Course focuses on the historical figure Jesus of Nazareth and the stories people have told about him, past and present. Also examines the ever-changing interpretations of Jesus, exploring the interpretive relationship between the ancient sources and the multiple efforts to narrate his life in film.

Covers the history and architecture of Europe and the Mediterranean from Late Antiquity through the fall of Constantinople in 1453. Beginning with Constantine and the rise of Christianity, this course follows the development and spread of new cultures and architectural forms, stretching from Islamic material in the east to the British Isles in the west. Course stresses the evolution of architecture during the medieval period as well as the cross-cultural influences that affected their form and what this can tell us about the cultures that created them.

Introduction to the so-called troubles in Northern Ireland, from the 1960s to the present. Examination of the historical background to the conflict, the patterns of conflict in the 1970s and 1980s, and the emergence of a peace process in the 1990s.

An intensive analysis of the First World War from multiple perspectives: military, diplomatic, political, economic, technological, global, and cultural. The emphasis is on the transformative impact of the war on European societies, international relations, and modern culture.

Making use of multiple perspectives, this course explores the origins of the Second World War, its course and outcome, and its transformative effects on European society, culture, polities, and demographics. Closely examines the war's impact on diverse civilian populations.

The political, social, economic, and cultural history of the modern Netherlands and Belgium from 1500 to the present day.

French history from the Middle Ages through the Revolution. Focus on the rise and fall of absolute monarchy, the nature of Old Regime society, the causes and significance of the French Revolution. Attention to those who endured as well as to those who made events.

Social, political, and cultural history of France from the Revolution to WWI. Focus on the Revolutionary tradition, the Napoleonic myth, the transformation of Paris, and the integration of the peasantry into the national community. Readings may include novels by Stendhal and Balzac.

Studies the history of France from 1914 to 1975, with a particular emphasis on how broader themes such as immigration, postwar reconstruction, European integration, and decolonization can be studied through the urban fabric of Marseille. (Formerly offered as From the Trenches to the Casbah: France and its Empire in the 20th Century.)

The development of German civilization, including philosophy and literature as well as politics and diplomacy in the 19th and 20th centuries.

Introduction to German films from 1919 to 1945. Through combination of movies and documentaries, gain insight into political, economic, social, and cultural conditions of Weimar and Nazi Germany.

Uses films and documentaries to provide insight into the political, social, economic, and cultural conditions of postwar East and West Germany, with a strong focus on remembrance of the country's Nazi past.

Covers the history of the Soviet Union from its beginning to its end, and its legacy in the present day. Explores the nature of the Soviet state, relationships between state and society, the role of the Soviet Union in the Cold War, and experiences of everyday life. (Formerly offered as History of the Soviet Union.)

Analyzes the roles of espionage and intelligence in modern European history with emphasis on major conflicts from the Franco-Prussian War through the Cold War and beyond. Also examines images of spies in popular culture from the early 20th century to the present.

Examines the political and social history of modern Eastern Europe, excluding the Balkans and Baltic States, from 1848 to the present. Focuses on the development of nationalism, war, occupation, ethnic strife, communism, and democratic reform in this region.

Surveys the role of the tropics and tropical peoples in history, covering the post-Columbian encounters between indigenous Americans, Europeans, and Africans, colonialism, and the origins of fields, such as anthropology and tropical medicine. (Formerly Tropics of Empire.)

Study of European thought and literature from Hobbes and Swift to Rousseau and Goethe. Focuses on relation of ideas to their social and cultural context. Special attention to traditions of religious conflict and criticism rising from the Protestant Reformation; to the discovery of the world beyond Europe; and to the intellectual and cultural roots of the French Revolution.

Study of European thought and literature from Blake to Nietzsche. Focuses on relation of ideas to their social and cultural context. Special attention to the rise and fall of the Romantic movement, to changing conceptions of history, and to the development of socialist and aesthetic critiques of industrial civilization.

Drawing on experiments in autobiography, the arts, and social theory, this course focuses on ideas and images of modernity in European culture. It also highlights the role of the intellectual as politically engaged or disillusioned witness in a violent century.

Surveys European Jewish intellectual history from the Enlightenment to the present. Major themes include emancipation and assimilation, the flowering of Yiddish literature, the rise of Zionism, new variations on the messianic idea, and Jewish contributions to the culture of urban modernism.

Examines the history of the British Isles and the British Empire from the late 17th century to the present. Traces the expansion, transformation, and dissolution of the British Empire as well as the changing meanings of Englishness and Britishness over this period.

Covers the long history of interaction between Britain and Africa, from the Atlantic slave trade and British colonialism in Africa up to the post-colonial present, from British settlers in Africa to the African presence in the British Isles.

Explores the histories of racism and anti-Semitism alongside efforts to combat racism in Europe from 1870 to the present. Offers a conceptual basis for thinking about the definition of race and its historical evolution.

Comparative in approach, course examines Jewish radical politics across Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and the Americas in the late 19th and 20th centuries. How did radical politics afford Jews greater agency in contexts that otherwise excluded them? What tensions arose with religious, nationalist, and internationalist obligations? What drew so many Jews across so many diverse contexts to focus on radical leftist politics? What, if anything, links Jews and radical politics across such diverse contexts? Through primary sources, memoirs, scholarly works, films and more, students compare Jewish engagement in radical leftist movements in several nodes, including Russia (and the former USSR), Poland, France, Egypt, Iraq, Morocco, Israel, Argentina, Mexico, and the USA among others.

Explores Jewish immigration settlement and identity negotiation in Latin America from the mid-19th Century to the present.

Historical comparative overview of the political, socio-cultural, and intellectual transformation of Jewish societies in Europe and the Middle East from the late 18th Century to the present.

Overview of the Jewish experience in important cities in the age of empire. Istanbul, Beirut, Alexandria, and Salonica were home to thriving, culturally diverse Jewish populations. Course explores these urban Jewish cultures, the institutions, and intellectual production.

Surveys Jewish life in the Iberian Peninsula from Roman times to the present, and explores offshoot Hispanic Jewish societies in the aftermath of the 1492 expulsion.

Zionism is one of the most complex--and contested--political and ideological movements of the modern period. This course explores the intellectual history of Zionism and its critics, from the late 19th century to the establishment of the State of Israel.

Examines World War II in North Africa and the Middle East. Through primary and secondary sources, films, and novels, students consider WWII and the Holocaust as they intersect with colonial and Jewish histories in the Arab world.

Introduces students to the method of oral history. Familiarizes students with the history of the method’s development in the U.S. and other global contexts and with past and ongoing oral history projects at UCSC. As a practice-based course, provides hands-on tools and experiential learning opportunities in order to craft and execute an original oral history interview. Trains students in interviewing best practices as well as transcription and indexing conventions. Designed to support and contribute to campus- and community-based research initiatives.

Investigates questions relating to how new technologies are changing the way historians do research and interact with the public. This course has both a critical classroom component and a hands-on computer laboratory component.

Covers comparative history of slavery in Latin America with questions of race in the colonial and national periods and key moments and debates in the historiography of slavery and its relation to ideologies of the past and the nations.

Focuses on the ways in which nation and race have been thought about in Latin America throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. These concepts were closely intertwined, albeit in differing and changing ways, since the wars of independence from Spain and Portugal (1810-1825). Compares the ways in which black, Indian, and racially mixed (mulatto or mestizo) have been socially constructed, ideologized, and contended in different countries, including Brazil, the Spanish-speaking Caribbean, Mexico, Peru, and Argentina.

Discusses the characteristics of settler colonialism and the politics of comparison in the study of global settler colonialism. Looks at settler colonial state practice across multiple different sites, including Santa Cruz, as students craft their own research projects. (Formerly offered as FMST 194L, Comparative Settler Colonial Studies.)

Examines Asian and Latino immigration into the United States since 1875. Students explore the relationship between U.S. foreign policies and immigration policies, transnational ties and homeland connections, and the cultural and political influences they have on American society.

A seminar on the history of Chicanos/Mexicans in the United States, 1848 to the present. Topics include Chicana/o labor, family, social, urban, cultural, and political history.

Students learn how to conduct research and write history. Primary and secondary sources are extensively read. Research sources include a rich array of government documents, newspapers, memories and diaries, visual material and film.

Explores why after World War II and especially in the past 30 years, demands for redress and reparations for war crimes, genocide, mass violence, slavery, colonialism, and other injustices proliferated. Students compare different views on the benefits of confronting the past, identifying perpetrators, and providing justice in multiple countries. Students also analyze how race, ethnicity, religion, class, and gender shaped injustices and assessments of reparations by public officials, international investigators, survivors, and descendants of victims. Topics include tribunals, prosecutions, truth commissions, apologies, restitution, compensation, and memorialization.

Writing-intensive seminar on the experience, manipulation, and representation of time in history. Students pursue advanced research using primary and secondary sources.

Explores the history of early Mexico (the Colonial Era through the mid-19th century) through original archival research. Includes field trips to regional archives and research libraries. Reading knowledge of Spanish is recommended.

Locates common themes in the history of broadcasting and telecommunications throughout the world. Why do certain strategies for developing broadcasting and telecommunications systems succeed or fail? Why do some nations outstrip other nations of comparable development in the growth of their communications systems? Why do national or regional communication systems suddenly become more or less open, or more or less centralized?

Examines contemporary crises in Africa: the new South Africa, refugees, HIV/AIDS, children of war, blood or conflict diamonds, civil war, and genocide in Rwanda. Seminar format where students will be prepared to undertake studies on specific subjects and two rounds of 15–20 page papers.

Major themes in contemporary African American historiography on a topical basis.

Explores subjects and themes in the political, social, and cultural history of early U.S. history from the colonial period through 1850. Includes critical reading of current scholarship and research in primary texts. The focus of this course is the production of a 25-page research paper. Recommended for senior history majors.

Explores novels and novelists in relation to the writing of historical scholarship. Breaking down the simplistic genre division between fiction and nonfiction, provides opportunities for students to read novels as historical evidence, novels as editorial commentary, and novels as analytical narrative. Students produce a series of papers that culminate in a 25-page research project.

Readings and research in the history of religions in the United States. Readings focus on topics including the rise of evangelicalism; gender and religion; class, race, and religious diversity; and modernity. Students produce papers that culminate in a 25-page research project.

Writing-intensive seminar on Latin America during the Cold War. Particular attention given to U.S.-Latin American relations, including moments of covert or direct interventions. Students pursue advanced research using primary and secondary sources.

In this research seminar, students explore F.B.I. files obtained under the Freedom of Information Act on a prominent citizen of the United States of America.

The history of California has been shrouded in myths. The historian Richard White describes myths as "timeless stories that differ from history" and "are not so much falsehoods as explanations." This course studies the history of myths that have shaped how many people in California understand the past, including myths about the histories of Indigenous peoples, European explorers, Spanish missions, the Gold Rush, and different visions of "the California Dream." In the final assessment for the course, students use historical thinking to create a research paper to challenge a mythic representation of California history.

Students read historiographically significant works in the history of the U.S. Civil War and Reconstruction. Students develop research projects grounded in primary source material on a related topic of their choosing. (Formerly Topics in U.S. Civil War and Reconstruction.)

Explores the transatlantic societies created by Europeans' colonization of the Americas, and their exploitation of African slaves. Questions whether the cultural, economic, and political links across the ocean integrated the adjacent lands into a fundamentally Atlantic World.

Before 1800, far more Africans than Europeans colonized the Americas, arriving unwillingly in the slave trade. Course examines the captives' experiences; the trade's organization and significance in the Atlantic economy; and the eventual movement to abolish the traffic.

Explores the concept of the long civil rights movement as a framework for understanding a wide range of social, economic, and political developments in the African American freedom struggle, in both North and South, from the 1930s through the 1980s.

Teaching of a lower-division seminar under faculty supervision. (See HIS 42.) Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

To allow promising, well-qualified undergraduates to pursue directed programs of archival or archaeological study in the field under supervision of the UCSC history faculty, concentrating their work within a single given quarter. Students may take two or three courses concurrently. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

Explores important themes in modern Chinese history ranging from empire and nation-state formation, foreign imperialism, revolutionary movements and politics, global capitalism, and social and cultural change. Teaches the writing of a major research paper using primary and secondary sources.

Examines through both primary and secondary sources such issues as work, sexuality, education, class, and ethnicity in relation to constructions of female gender in Japanese society over the past several centuries, particularly focusing on the modern era.

Examines the history of lands, peoples, and cultures in Southeast Asia. Covers case studies from early modern history, imperial contact, colonization, decolonization, as well as contemporary political and social conditions, including studies of displacement and im/migration. Topics include comparative studies of colonialisms in the region; historiography of Southeast Asian studies in the United States; Southeast Asian technoscience and medicine; environmental history and eco-activism. As this course also qualifies as a senior exit seminar for history majors, the course dives into the particulars of academic research and writing. Students produce an original research paper that will be scaffolded throughout the term.

From Medieval Spain, Ottoman Salonica, 20th-century Baghdad, present day Casablanca, and beyond, this course examines Jewish experiences of exile, diaspora, and displacement, as well as how to read memoir and biography as sources in their broader historical context.

Critically examines the formation of political elites in East Asia. Compares literati in Ming and Qing, China; samurai in Tokugawa, Japan; and yangban in Joeson, Korea. Each group occupied specific roles and functions in their state and society but differed in scale and character. Students cannot receive credit for this course and HIS 294M.

Urbanization is an important aspect of the making of the Global South. This course introduces the histories of urbanization from the 18th Century to the present. Students read the works of historians, anthropologists, geographers, and sociologists.

Introduces students to key ideas and ideologues of the Indian nation and the practices of the late-colonial and post-colonial Indian State. In the process, students become familiar with themes like modernity, gender, state formation, space, nationalism, democracy, and development.

Introduces important themes in urban studies in South Asia in the pre-modern and modern periods. These include political economic change; competing imaginations of city life; urban politics; land use; urban planning; and cultural life among others. This course begins with a brief survey of urbanism in pre-modern South Asia but focuses mostly on urbanities in the early modern and modern periods.

Explores the production and experience of new forms of space in the colonial and post-colonial world through historical, political, and anthropological case studies with an emphasis on the Middle East and Africa.

Focuses on different topics in ancient Egyptian history. In addition to assigned readings, each student does additional research that culminates in a 20-page paper on a topic of the student's choice. General topics for the course vary from year to year.

Introduces students to important debates in labor studies in Asia. Studies the relationship between labor, capitalism, and imperialism. Also interrogates the relevance or irrelevance of Asia as a concept from the standpoint of labor.

Considers through primary and secondary sources the events and aftermath of the Cold War in East Asia in terms of state formation, domestic and foreign policy, and protest movements in China, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan with reference to Vietnam.

Widely considered the antechamber of WWII, the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) was the first large-scale international clash of Fascists and anti-Fascists. It was simultaneously a national conflict and a global proxy war, colonial and anti-colonial; and yet, it is often overlooked.

This writing-intensive seminar explores the social movements sweeping the contemporary Middle East. Students pursue advanced research using primary and secondary sources.

Research seminar comparing U.S. and Japanese memories of World War II. Topics include war origins, total war, the atomic bomb, war responsibility, reparations, memorials, museums, and monuments. Primary work devoted to research in original texts and documents.

Prerequisite(s): petition on file with sponsoring agency (students should have completed two upper-division courses, preferably in their area of concentration).

Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; petition on file with sponsoring agency (students should have completed two upper-division courses, preferably in their area of concentration).

Aims to illuminate major themes and turning points of modern Irish history: the causes and consequences of the famine; the development of Irish nationalism; revolution, civil war, and partition; and the recent economic boom.

Examines the history of Europe and its empires within the context of human interactions with and attitudes toward a changing natural world. Topics include: European imperialism in ecological perspective; the effects of new developments in science and technology on urban and rural environments; the rise of public health, sanitation, and colonial medicine; environmental justice; and the historical context of contemporary environmental problems.

A senior reading and research seminar that explores the selected historiographic debates in German history during the 19th and 20th centuries. (Formerly Modern Germany and Europe.)

Focuses on the history of sexuality in major urban areas globally. Topics include: sexual identities and race, class, and gender; sex work, policing, and urban spaces; gay, lesbian, and transgender communities; race, gender, and sexuality within the context of colonialism.

Students conduct original research on the French Revolution of 1789 based on mix of primary and secondary courses. Classroom discussions focuson interpreting contemporary documents and addressing historiographical issues. Seminar format with significant written requirements. Presumes familiarity with the period.

Topics in European intellectual history from the French Revolution to World War I. Readings exemplifying approaches from history of ideas and intellectual biography to recent studies of rhetoric and political culture. Preparation and presentation of research paper.

For several centuries, the shtetl functioned as the center of Jewish life in Eastern Europe. Alternately mythologized and pathologized, the shtetl continues to exist as an imaginary space that defines and distorts the historical image of Eastern European Jewish life. Students cannot receive credit for this course and course 257.

Study of 19th- and 20th-century Eastern European and Russian Jewish social history.

Explores European history from the end of World War II through the fall of the Soviet Union. Examines how Europe evolved from a fragmented, polarized array of colonial rivals to a more economically and culturally integrated place.

Seminar focuses on different topics in ancient history. In addition to assigned readings, the student is expected to do additional research that culminates in a 20-page paper on a topic of the student's choice. General topics for the course will vary from year to year.

Europe's engagement with the outside world, which ranged from cultural and intellectual borrowings to relations of domination and colonialism, shaped its modern history and culture. This course examines the cultural and intellectual history of modern Europe by focusing on the ways in which European thinkers and cultural producers drew upon or were influenced by non-European sources.

Student's supervision is conducted by a regularly appointed officer of instruction by means other than the usual supervision in person (e.g., by correspondence) or student is doing all or most of the course work off campus.

Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.

Students submit petition to sponsoring agency.