Fabrication and Falsification

Fabrication or falsification occurs when a student invents or distorts the origin or content of information used as authority. Examples include:

• Citing a source that does not exist.
• Citing information from a source that is not included in the source for which credit is given.
• Citing a source for a secondary proposition that it does not support.
• Citing a bibliography source when it was neither consulted nor cited in the body of the paper.
• Intentionally distorting the meaning or applicability of data.
• Inventing data or statistical results to support conclusions.